Muzzleloadingforum.com - Smokeless Muzzleloading. Post thread. Loads, tips, and shooting for the Savage muzzleloader, SMI smokeless and other muzzleloaders approved for smokeless ONLY. Warning! Smokeless powder loads are not for use in any other muzzleloaders.

 
The Craftsman. Muzzleloading related things you've made or have questions about making - Knives, Tomahawks, Horns, Clothing, Bags, etc. Traditional Only - no modern designs. Do not post items unrelated to Muzzleloading. This is not a "general craft" category.. Free webcam couple

Then forge you out a simple strap staple from a coat hanger or 1/8th inch wire. Pre-drill a couple of undersized holes and tap the staple in. Won't effect the value of this horn one bit! Use a little gun bluing or browning to take the new made off of your staple. Rick.The front trigger can be fired set or unset. If you lower the hammer to the nipple you can try the set function. Just pull the rear trigger until you feel it click and then lay your finger against the front trigger and press gently…. and the screw between them is for adjusting the front or hair trigger weight of pull.It looks like overall housing trends may be throwing a wrench in the prices of HD....HD Home improvement retailer Home Depot (HD) has struggled to overcome chart resistance in the ...Smokeless Muzzleloading. Post thread. Loads, tips, and shooting for the Savage muzzleloader, SMI smokeless and other muzzleloaders approved for smokeless ONLY. Warning! Smokeless powder loads are not for use in any other muzzleloaders.Over time, esp. with heavy use, the brass will kind of "stretch" a bit, loosen up somewhat. The steel costs a bit more, but will last forever if cared for. I saw a brass 1851 in .44 cal. recently (the originals didn't come in .44!) and it looks great. It would be fun to shoot a 1851-style in .44, I'd think.Coat the entire circumference of the barrel in a generous area around the sight. Solder won't stick to the soap stone so make sure everything is well covered around the sight. Remove the clamped sight and "tin" the sight base with regular low temp plumber's solder. "Tin" the area on the barrel where the sight will set.5,750. Reaction score. 8,562. Location. Tyrone , Pa. 16686. Apr 20, 2024. #7. Also , any time you fire one barrel , uncap the unfired one , and run the ramrod down on the remaining loaded barrel to make sure the load is still where you left it , when you last loaded it. This is a safety check many forget.Coat the entire circumference of the barrel in a generous area around the sight. Solder won't stick to the soap stone so make sure everything is well covered around the sight. Remove the clamped sight and "tin" the sight base with regular low temp plumber's solder. "Tin" the area on the barrel where the sight will set.Pro's and Con's wanted from those who have owned or fired this rifle. Been looking for something a bit more traditional to replace my Bobcat with and the St Louis Hawken is one I have been looking at recently. Have also looked at the Lyman Trade rifle and Traditions Woodsman. Any comments on...Shiloh Sharps 1863 infantry rifle with .535” ball at 50 yards. Loaded loose 2fg powder after lightly breech seating the ball and CCI musket caps. After more then a dozen shots I adjusted the sight for the last two in the bullseye. 383D6502-C1B1-43A3-8F7B-FFEC3DAC92E5 by Oliver Sudden, on Flickr.Friends, our 2nd Amendment rights are always under attack and the NRA has been a constant for decades in helping fight that fight. We have partnered with the NRA to offer you a discount on membership and Muzzleloading Forum gets a small percentage too of each membership, so you are supporting both the NRA and us.If you have bought, sold or gained information from our Classifieds, please donate to Modern Muzzleloader and give back. You can become a Supporting Member …Jan 23, 2015. #12. Flint62Smoothie said: FWIW a mint CVA Mountain rifle in 54-cal just sold on 21Jan2015 for $485 on the Gun Broker auctions! I was gonna bid if it stayed under $450.00, thats was my top price....almost had me one, was sure a nice lookin rifle! J.Similarily, 1860s are .44s. The smaller sized, but similar looking 1861 is a .36. IMO, .44s are ungainly and overly heavy. While .36s are svelte and graceful... On top of all that, .36s are also more economical to shoot. Less powder and small projectiles, mean you get more per lb of lead.1. Jan 19, 2009. #2. While the patent breech is an old design, the hook-breech is not. Today the hook-breech is used mainly on halfstock rifles and shotguns so the barrels can be quickly removed. When you have a fullstock rifle there will be very few times when you want to remove the barrel.The Hawken and Renegade are advertised as being .500 bore with .006” grooves. This gives you a total space of .512” that you need to work off of. Subtract the .490 ball and this means you need to make up .022” of space. Divide that in half and you find that you need a minimum of .011” patching for a loose fit.Messages. 147. Reaction score. 80. Feb 29, 2024. #1. I have two Uberti 1862 Police replicas. One has the Serial # A41989. The other is V02238.Sep 27, 2023. #2. AZmark said: Midwestreloads.com is a scam site. I went there because they had percussion caps that no one else seems to have in stock. They only take Paypal, Zelle, or Cashapp for payment. I looked them up and sure enough SCAM. Luckily I didn't fall for it.32 Cal. When I discovered a 72 cal Pedersoli Double rifle being offered for sale for only $675, I couldn't believe no one jumped on it before me. Well, I jumped because $675 is a super bargain. These rifles usually sell for $1200 - $1600.It looks like overall housing trends may be throwing a wrench in the prices of HD....HD Home improvement retailer Home Depot (HD) has struggled to overcome chart resistance in the ...8. Mar 14, 2009. #12. In match shooting the 5 rounds are placed in the 10 Ring off hand 5 times. I think with an import production gun off of a rest 4" to 6" on a standard Black Powder 100 Yd. target would be Ok for 3 Rd. groups. This of course may translate to 8" to 12" or more in a hunting situation.The one I think I'm most attracted to is the Clay Smith kit. NW Trade Gun. A number of options. One that is attractive, from a skill level perspective, is the Pedersoli NW kit. Kibler Colonial. A no brainer build, and quality parts. For the moment, let's disregard caliber. Weight is one consideration.The builder of my rifle made a clean kill at 90 yards with 70 grains 3f in a .54. I looked up the load in the Lyman Black Powder Handbook and Loading Manual; 70 grains 3f Goex, .535 ball. muzzle energy - 963 ft lb. 100 yards - 456 ft lb. 90 grains 3f Goex, .535 ball. muzzle energy - 1111 ft lb. 100 yards - 487 ft lb.Reaction score. 1,088. Location. oklahoma. Jan 6, 2022. #1. Im just getting in to muzzleloaders and am with the American custom gunmakers guild. Im wanting to get a Lyman great Plains Rifle to restock to be my first try at it before I do a whole kit gun. Im wanting the Lyman 50 caliber percussion, right hand.A friend of mine has an antique rifle marked "CONESTOGA RIFLE WORKS" that looks just like a typical Leman rifle. It is percussion. Obviously, these percussion arms marked "CONESTOGA RIFLE WORKS" do not date to 1780. Cajun72 's lock is most likely a product on Henry Leman's factory.The photos below show one of the famous mahogany stocked rifles by Haines. The rifle I am using for inspiration is #81 shown in RCA vol 1. It is maple stocked but the patch box and carving are very similar to the mahogany stocked rifles. Isaac Haines was arguably the best carver of all the great long rifle makers.Concrete nails are easily found at your local hardware store. Heat to a bright red color and allow to cool slowly (softens the hardened concrete nail), shape with a hammer and/or files, heat to a bright cherry red and quench in oil or water, temper in your (toaster) oven at 375-400F for an hour and do a final sharpening.Modern muzzleloading hunting forum & muzzle loading classifieds. Modern muzzle loading forums for inline muzzleloading, white muzzleloaders, bullet casting, …Jan 23, 2022 · For all of your Traditional & Modern Muzzleloader Shooting Accessories! Powder, Ball,ConicalSabot, Patch, Lube, Caps, Flint,Primers, Range rods, Ramrods, Repair parts, Slings, Upgrades, Possibles Bags, Powder horns, Powder Flasks, EVERYTHING that involves accessories or parts for your muzzle loader! 1,637. Location. CA. Oct 14, 2023. #15. I started casting both modern and round balls back in 1968 and used a 40 pound capacity lead cast iron pot on top of a 20 pound plumbers propane tank burner. I would start casting on a Saturday morning and stop around 3:00 or 4:00 in the afternoon.6,788. Reaction score. 8,674. Location. Western North Carolina. Feb 15, 2020. #3. Well, if you want shoot really big game, Val Forgett (owner of Navy Arms) used one in Africa in 1973 as his ‘less heavily loaded’ gun to take a number of animals. His load in the Buffalo Hunter was a 610 grain Minie over 125 grains of fff.We recently showed you Chrome OS' new look complete with a desktop, a taskbar, and the ability to use multiple Chrome windows, but today Samsung and Google are releasing new hardwa...I've looked around for a bit trying to find one of these, but I haven't had any luck so I'm gonna create my own. I'm gonna take my Traditions Kentucky and cut it down, recrown,etc. Then refit the nose cap, drill and tap the underside of the barrel for it. I know the Tennessee Rifle is a double wedge setup and the Kentucky is a pinned barrel.Apr 3, 2018. #14. Full buck horn sights are the most useless sight ever invented in my opinion. They are about style alone and don't do anything particularly well for sighting that cannot be done better with a partridge front and wide, shallow, open or aperture rear sight. P.This community needs YOUR help today. We rely 100% on Supporting Memberships to fund our efforts. With the ever increasing fees of everything, we need help. We ...Canada | The Muzzleloading Forum. This community needs YOUR help today. We rely 100% on Supporting Memberships to fund our efforts. With the ever increasing fees of everything, we need help. We need more Supporting Members, today. Please invest back into this community. I will ship a few decals too in addition to all the …Reaction score. 4,699. Location. Southern Illinois. Sep 23, 2018. #3. More than good for bar, injun, or deers. My Lyman's plains rifle of 28 balls to the pound (.54 cal) works well with a 70 gr. charge of 2Fg Graf's powder. I too don't care for any more than that regarding recoil.East of the Kaskaskia River in Illinois Country. Sep 15, 2022. #10. Brownells has a method of using stainless steel wool wrapped around a bore brush soaked in Kroil. Scrub the bore thoroughly and clean out the mess. The method does not remove pitting, even so it typically makes for a very shootable barrel.The Craftsman. Muzzleloading related things you've made or have questions about making - Knives, Tomahawks, Horns, Clothing, Bags, etc. Traditional Only - no modern designs. Do not post items unrelated to Muzzleloading. This is not a "general craft" category.Friends, our 2nd Amendment rights are always under attack and the NRA has been a constant for decades in helping fight that fight. We have partnered with the NRA to offer you a discount on membership and Muzzleloading Forum gets a small percentage too of each membership, so you are supporting both the NRA and us.Cannon | The Muzzleloading Forum. This community needs YOUR help today. We rely 100% on Supporting Memberships to fund our efforts. With the ever increasing fees of everything, we need help. We need more Supporting Members, today. Please invest back into this community. I will ship a few decals too in addition to all the account perks you get.1. Aug 6, 2008. #1. I started out muzzleloading with an inline (sorry) last year. did not take me long to decide I wanted an sidelock. got a deal on an tc new englander. so I took my birthday money and bought it. first range session with it was very short. 3 or 4 shots. then rain started.Apr 18, 2008 · 4. Sep 7, 2008. #8. There's almost as many different types of patchbox release mechanisms as their are schools of longrifles. Some builders that try to recreate specific longrifles as exactly as possible try to use the same type of mechanism as the original rifle they are copying, even if the mechanism is hidden. Similar threads. SOLD - Pending funds PRICE DROP -- Unknown Maker .50 cal. Musket Cap Percussion Rifle.. $375.00 SHIPPED / INSURED!! Offering a very gently used Hatfield percussion rifle in 50 cal. This appears to be one of the earlier guns with a US made barrel and lock.I have a 1861 Springfield that has an exceptionally stuck minie ball. Like it's bad. I tried blasting it out atleast 10 times it hasn't moved. I tried the grease gun but the grease went around the minie so that didn't work. I broke two ball pullers of on the ball, JB welded the last puller into...45 caliber. Yeah, I will keep watching for a .32 and/or a .36 cal. I will gladly pay about what I've paid so far ($100 each for my 2 Hawkens), or can afford to pay a little more. I also have a Dart brand Kentucky rifle in .45 cal that I paid $50 for and an unbuilt CVA kit from the 70s that I paid $75 for.Apr 18, 2008 · 4. Sep 7, 2008. #8. There's almost as many different types of patchbox release mechanisms as their are schools of longrifles. Some builders that try to recreate specific longrifles as exactly as possible try to use the same type of mechanism as the original rifle they are copying, even if the mechanism is hidden. Thousands of protesters have taken to the streets of Congo's capital city, Brazzaville. At least three people have been killed during protests against a constitutional referendum t...142. May 23, 2022. #1. As some of you may remember I spoke about the percussion cap makers by Sharpshooter 22LR Reloader Store. I will recap my previous post on my experience with the #11 percussion cap die and end the post with my experience with the #10. "The die performed great. The percussion caps are ugly.Fred Olsen Cruise Lines on Sunday said its 929-passenger Braemar was at anchor about 25 miles off the coast of Freeport, Bahamas, while diplomatic efforts involving the U.K. govern...You can find the bench design online or in Chris Schwarz's book "Workbenches". Look up "Roubo" bench online. The metal vises are from Woodcraft I believe. They cost about $90 at the time (10 years ago). The rotating jaws are very useful. The leg vises on the bench are very handy and have tremendous holding power.Alberta. Mar 18, 2024. #1. Hello from NZ, I am a keen hunter and get out as often as I can here chasing red deer as well as feral pigs and goats. I am in the process of moving to Alberta, Canada (wifey is Canadian) and I'm looking forward to connecting with the black powder community over there. Currently shooting a CVA percussion in 45cal PRB ...2024 Muzzleloader Guide - Notes. Putting together a packing List for what to get to begin a semi-traditional style of practicing ML hunting. Please feel free to add recommendations and advice on what you think works best in your experience. Rifle - Something maybe a little shorter than a full long rifle im a sucker for mannlicher styled rifles.Discussion of Modern/Inline Black Powder Rifles/Weapons (This forum is dedicated to preserving the rich and fascinating heritage of Traditional Muzzleloading Firearms. For discussion regarding modern/inline muzzleloading weapons, please visit another forum.) Discussion of any weapon after the 1900 time frame is also prohibited.Reaction score. 9,916. Location. Florence Alabama. Feb 22, 2024. #10. I have ordered a lot of B/P from Powder Inc. in the past, all went smoothly. When the shortage hit, I decided to round out my stock with about 10 more # if I could find any Goex. Everyone was sold out except for Crater Fireworks.A key to the formula is to draw a line along the comb and it should pass right through the tumbler screw for the flint cock and just under the pan. That formula is also true for Brown Bess muskets. Moreover, the angle of the butt plate is almost perpendicular to the comb line.Vintage Thompson center .45 cal flintlock. Excellent condition and solid wood, brass shows patina but can easily be polished. Double set triggers and a 28" browned octagon barrel held in place by wedge. Overall length is 46". Never fired by me, but lock is in great working condition and previous... muskethunter1109.Powder, 2 thin "overshot" cards 1 or 2 lubed felt wads, shot load (either in a paper shot cup/cartridge or not), then a thin overshot card. For the Skychief load the order is; powder, thick over powder wad (sometimes referred to as a nitro card), then the shot load, thin overshot card, then a thick fiber "cushion" wad that has been thoroughly ...For just the lock, I haven't found detailed instructions anywhere. Most of it seems pretty straightforward, except for the serpentine. I was considering using a blow torch to bend it in shape, heat the head, and then hit it mostly flat with a big ball peen hammer to try and make the match holder.2 days ago · I tried blasting it out atleast 10 times it hasn’t moved. I tried the grease gun but the grease went around the minie so that didn’t work. I broke two ball pullers of on the ball, JB welded the last puller into my rod and it still stripped the puller. I took it to a gunsmith with air and pullers and he couldn’t budge it. You may have noticed that shotgun barrels are in gauges of so many spherical shot to the pound - 12 gauge [aka 12 bore] is the measure here, not 18mm or thereabouts. A token nod to the metric system suffices here in UK, and even the government of the day gave up trying to fully metricate the UK back in the 80's.Jan 8, 2024 · Spring Rendezvous Oregon. Please join the Forest Hills Black Powder Brigade for its annual Spring Rendezvous in Mill City, Oregon May 24-27. Events include black powder rifle/pistol/trade gun, hawk and knife, primitive archery, frying pan toss, long gong shoot, children's games and activities, traders, primitive and... gferlitsch. I went grey squirrel hunting with a buddy this morning. He used a 36 and I tried my T/C New Englander 12 gauge with cylinber bore. I shot and killed with the first pull of the trigger at a squirrel between 20-25 yards away. The rest of the morning I fired 3 more shots at squirrels from 30...Nov 5, 2011. #8. As mentioned the underhammer was used primarily for target rifles and since hunting was 95% of what guns were used for that explains the scarcity of that design. For hunting they do have a drawback. To cock an underhammer one must take the shooting hand entirely off the grip and reach forward to the hammer.45 caliber. Yeah, I will keep watching for a .32 and/or a .36 cal. I will gladly pay about what I've paid so far ($100 each for my 2 Hawkens), or can afford to pay a little more. I also have a Dart brand Kentucky rifle in .45 cal that I paid $50 for and an unbuilt CVA kit from the 70s that I paid $75 for.Aug 14, 2012 · Reaction score. 45. Dec 19, 2012. #15. Your rifle is indeed one of Navy Arm's Hawken "Hunter" in .58 caliber. The guns had a 1:60" twist, with a shallow .003" to .005" depth, and were specifically built to take big powder charges. Smoothbore | The Muzzleloading Forum. This community needs YOUR help today. We rely 100% on Supporting Memberships to fund our efforts. With the ever increasing fees of everything, we need help. We need more Supporting Members, today. Please invest back into this community. I will ship a few decals too in addition to all the account perks you get. It is nice and small and reasonably easy to make. The pattern is drawn on 1" squares. The area above the "dot-dash" to the "dash-dash" can be used in one of two ways. 1) folded under and sewn or 2) separate piece from thinner leather and folded as an edging as can be seen in the first photo.Reaction score. 1. Aug 6, 2008. #1. I started out muzzleloading with an inline (sorry) last year. did not take me long to decide I wanted an sidelock. got a deal on an tc new englander. so I took my birthday money and bought it. first range session with it was very short. 3 or 4 shots. then rain started.However, Mr. Woodfill wrote an article in Muzzle Blasts (and a chapter in his book) on shorter-than-average Hawkens, so he did acknowledge their existence. These two signed Hawken rifles were shown in Ned Roberts' book, The Muzzle-Loading Cap Lock Rifle: Both of the above Hawkens have 28" barrels.I built and shot a Deerhunter percussion gun and found it to be very accurate and a delight to carry for an old guy. that rifle has moved on to a grandson and he has always placed in the top 3 and often #1 when shooting it in competitions. If the sights are dove tailed (as were mine), that would be an easy fix.733. Location. Jacksonville, Florida. Dec 4, 2022. #9. The best range rod I have ever owned is the 44" stainless steel Creedmoor rod threaded 8/32 with a brass muzzle protector. I have broken and lost many range rods over the years and the Creedmoor steel rod from Track of the Wolf is the best I have ever used.A 1:48 twist in larger calibers (.45 and up) is generally very finicky in what it will shoot accurately with. Ask any serious Buffalo match or bench rest shooter what the twist is in their rifles. Invariably they will be 1:66; 1:72 or even 1:144.A public or publicly traded company is one whose shares are available for investors to buy on the stock exchange or through the over-the-counter market. You can buy shares in a pub...Apr 21, 2024 ... Help Support Muzzleloading Forum: This site may earn a commission from merchant affiliate links, including eBay, Amazon, and others ...They are all Pedersolis, much to my pleasure, and are 1)a 50cal Pennsylvania long rifle, 2) a double SxS 12ga percussion shotgun and 3) a .62cal/20ga Indian Trade Musket. They all arrived within a four day period and, damn, this is one happy boy here. The reason I'm bothering you on this frosty fall morning is my utter amazement at the Trade Rifle.With the common double set double lever set triggers, the fly is needed to allow the hammer or cock to fall from a fully cocked position to the fired position without your finger holding the trigger back. To find out if your lock has a fly, take your unloaded gun and point it in a safe direction.First, @TrippyMcGuire556 should remove the nipples. Apply Kroil or a mix of acetone and automatic transmission fluid to penetrate the rust. Use a sturdy nipple wrench and tap the end while turning to loosen the nipple. Second, insert a zerk fitting on the nipple seat and use a grease gun to remove the slug.Then make a cutter along the design of a couple of saw teeth that fit the groove. This can cut the groove deeper and is advanced to the next groove. Then a paper shim is placed under the cutter and the process is repeated till the grooves are deepened to your goal. A slow and labor intensive job but rather simple.Oct 5, 2021 · Similar threads. SOLD - Pending funds PRICE DROP -- Unknown Maker .50 cal. Musket Cap Percussion Rifle.. $375.00 SHIPPED / INSURED!! Offering a very gently used Hatfield percussion rifle in 50 cal. This appears to be one of the earlier guns with a US made barrel and lock.

26. Location. Woodlands of Northern New England. Jan 4, 2006. #4. No disrespect intended to Stumpkiller, I'm very big into target shooting and competitive shoots. While target shooting i've had many people come over to watch me with a muzzleloader,try mine and then get into muzzleloading at our club shoots.. Antheapage onlyfans

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Reducing width by 25% reduces spring strength by 25%. Thinning by narrowing reduces strength proportionally. Thinning reduces strength relative to the square of the thickness. 3/4 times 3/4 = 9/16. 4/4 times 4/4 =16/16 or one (unchanged). 16/16 minus 9/16 = 7/16 loss or 43% loss.Cannon | The Muzzleloading Forum. This community needs YOUR help today. We rely 100% on Supporting Memberships to fund our efforts. With the ever increasing fees of everything, we need help. We need more Supporting Members, today. Please invest back into this community. I will ship a few decals too in addition to all the account perks you get.Location. mexico. Apr 17, 2023. #1. Everyone has bushel basket of hunting stories that they can share, unless you're very young or don't hunt. I saw no place to tell/post my adventures, so it looks like it will default to here. There had been a drought in 1986 . . . or maybe it was in 1988, I really don't recall, but no matter.Hi I just received payment for the Thompson Center New Englander rifle and I will be shipping it on Tuesday The trigger is not adjustable, it has a 1 in 48" twist, and I do not know the trigger pull. One of the pictures show my identification. I may be listing a second New Englander 50 caliber next week and also a Investarm in a 50 caliber with a set trigger.Glen, I, and several freinds, have fairly extensive collections of antique as well as contemporary arms and accoutrements that we do not keep behind locked doors and vaults. I for one have a room in my home that does not have any windows and is not visible from the outside, that I use to display my treasures. It is accessible to guests in my home …Hi team. I have not visited for some time. I have been distracted by those flashy new cartridge rifles. :nono: A short time ago I was lucky enough to acquire a Lyman 39538 mould that throws a .40cal hollow base, basically a Minie, bullet. The slug weighs 134gr in 40-1 alloy. I thought they might go rather well in my Colerain barrel Wesson rifle.11,710. Location. St. Louis, MO. Jul 5, 2023. #3. What John Gemmer built was based on the architecture of the S. Hawken Plains and California rifles of the late 1860's. Using the S. Hawken plans as a guide to the parts you will have in the Investarms Gemmer kit is a good basis. I have seen one Gemmer Rifle.Well I think I got an easy quick fix that takes 0 skill and ends in a perfect fit. Here it is. #2.Drill 5/32 hole completely through center of arbor housing. #3.Put release agent on arbor ,and everywhere on outside of barrel that could possibly get over flow compound on it.Reaction score. 1. Aug 6, 2008. #1. I started out muzzleloading with an inline (sorry) last year. did not take me long to decide I wanted an sidelock. got a deal on an tc new englander. so I took my birthday money and bought it. first range session with it was very short. 3 or 4 shots. then rain started.Smoothbore | The Muzzleloading Forum. This community needs YOUR help today. We rely 100% on Supporting Memberships to fund our efforts. With the ever increasing fees of everything, we need help. We need more Supporting Members, today. Please invest back into this community. I will ship a few decals too in addition to all the account perks you get.Apr 21, 2024 ... Help Support Muzzleloading Forum: This site may earn a commission from merchant affiliate links, including eBay, Amazon, and others ...I did a sort of "halfway house" by milling the slots, but then cutting the dovetails with a three square file with one face ground off.. The bit that gave me nightmares was brazing on the bayonet bar and sling lug.. i used the last of my "old" silver solder on the bar, but had to use new stuff on the sling lug.People's Republic of Maryland. Jul 19, 2023. #36. Although the 1858 Remington Carbine was not introduced until 1866 (cutoff for the forum being 1865), it is an 1858 Remington with a fixed stock, and so it is the exception to the 1865 cutoff rule, but discussion of cartridges, cartridge conversions, are still not allowed..

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